Process of electrical welding.



N. MACNEALE.

PROCESS 0F ELECTRICAL WELDING.

APPLICATION FILED Nov. 21, 1910.

990,489, Patented Apr. 25, 1911 UNITED STATES'l PATENT OFFICE.

NEIL MACNEALE, 0F CINCINNATI, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE TOLEDO ELECTRIC WELDER i COMPANY, OF'ICINCINNATI, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

P ROCESS 0F ELECTRICAL WELDING.

To all whom 'it may concern: A i

Be it known that I, NE1L MAGNEALE', a

citizen of the United States, residing at- Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes for Electrical 'Welding of which the following is a specification. l

My invention relates to a process of electrically welding pieces of metal having different electrical resistance. One example of this .usage is the forming of an electric weld between two pieces of the same metal, having different dimensions at their line of intended union, in which instance, the smaller piece, of course, would have the greater resistance, and would heatY more quickly than the larger piece. Another example of such usage is the welding together of two pieces -of different metal, one of which has a greater electrical resistance than the other. A

The object `of this invention is to form Y the weld through the agency of a single source of electrical energy, such as any orf dinary heat transformer commonly used,

without the use of a plurality oftransformers, or a series of switches.

`Another object of this invention is to produce a process which can be readily used in connection with ordinary commercial electric vwelding machines.

The-essential step of the process is the preheating of the piece having the lesser electrical resistance before it is brought into contact with the piece having the greater electrical resistance.

The features of this invention will be more fully understood from the description of the accompanying drawing, forming a part of this specificatiomrln which:-

Figure 1 represents a top plan view of one kind vof an electric welding machine' `used Awith my process. Fig.i2 is a perspective view of the holding jaws. y

1, 2, represent the two shdes mounted on `the gib-Way 3, on the top plate of the machine. The slide 2 is movable by means of lthe toggle and lever mechanism 4, 5, respectively. The slide 1 carries the stock gripv ping members 14, 15, the slide2 carries the stock gripping' members 16,' 17. A 6 indicates the source of electrlcal energy,

it being unnecessary to show a complete heat resistance.

Specification of Letters Patent. lPatented Apr, 25, 1911, Appncation med November 21, 1910. serial No. 593,416.

transformer, but the same is diagrammatically indicated by reference numeral 6a.

The wiring plan of the'primary circuit is as follows from the source of electrical energy 6 by wire 7b to stationary switch member 8, from movable switch member 9, by wire 7 to transformer 6a, and from transformer by wire 7l to electrical source 6.

The wiring plan of the secondary circuit is as follows :'-from transformer 6a by wire 6b to jaw 17, from transformer by Wire .6c to jaw 15. This circuit is completed by contacting the two pieces 18 and 19 to lbe welded, or by inserting the bridge 20 between the' jaw 15 and the piece V19.

18 represents the piece of greater electrical resistance, held by the members 14, 15.

'19 represents the piece of lesser electrical resistance, held bythe members 16, 17, the adjacent ends of which .pieces are to be welded.

"20 represents a lJshaped bridge formed of a suitable electric conductor material, land adapted to be removably inserted between the two sets of jaws 14, 15 and 16, 17, re-

.'speCtiVeIy, so as to bridge around the ex.-

posed end of the vpiece of greater electrical resistance, the face of the bridge abutting against the end of the piece 19, which is to be preheated, because of its lesser electrical In this way, an electrical contact will be formed between the jaws 14, 15, and the end of the piece 19.

In carrying out my process, the pieces to be welded are `inserted in the jaws, as described, the jaws being separated, the bridge 20 is inserted between the jaws, so as to hold the 'piece 18 Vout of electrical contact, the

-jaws on slide 2 being moved forward to bring the end ofthe piece 19 into contactwith the front face of the bridge. The 1ever 12 is manipulated .to direct an electric current through the circuit thus established, until the end of the piece 19 has been suiciently preheated. `The current is shut ofi",

-the bridge removed and the slide 2 moved forward to bring the ends of the pieces 18,

19, into firm contact, and the current is ap plied through the circuit thus formed and maintained until the two pieces have been securely welded togethen,`

Having described my invention, I claim 1. The herein described process of weld ing stock, having different electrical ref sistance, which consists in directing the current from a single source of electric energy through the machine element holding tie piece of greater resistance, and through the other piece to be welded, while the surfaces tobe united are held out of electric contact, then contacting said surfaces and directing said current through the circuitthus formed.

'2. The herein described welding process, for unit-ing metallic pieces having different electrical resistance, which consists in forining an electric circuit between the machine element holding the piece of greater resistance, and thej/other piece, while the surfaces to be united are out of contact, until the piece of lesser resistance is initially preheated, then' forming an elect-ric circuit through the contact of the surfaces to be united, and` directing the current. through the same to form a joint.

3. The hrein described process of electrically welding two pieces of stock, having different electrical resistance, from a single source of electrical energy, which consists in first establishing a circuit through the elemenjt used for holding the piece of greater resistance and through the other piece, while the surfaces to be united are sepa1'ated,land then bringing said surfaces together and electrically weldinthe same.

4. The lherein described welding process for uniting stock of dierent dimensions, which consists in forming an electric circuit throlugh the larger piece and through the machine element holding the smaller piece, wjhile the surfaces to be united are out of y ontact, until the larger piece is initially preheated, then forming an electric circuit throu h the contact of the surfaces to be unite and directing the` current through the same to b1 ing both pieces to the welding heat.

5.v The herein described .process of electrically welding pieces of metal, having different electrical resistance, which consists ininserting the ieces in the jaws of an electric Welder, hoding the pieces apart establishing a circuit between the jaw hol ing the piece of greater resistanceand the piece having the lesser resistance, directing a current through said circuit, and preheating the last-named piece, then bringing the pieces into contact, and directing a current through the saine until a weld is formed.

G. The herein described process of electrically welding inetalpieces, having different electrical resistance, which consists in inserting the pieces in the jaws of an electric welder, inserting a bridge between the jaws, to form a contact between the jaw holding the piece of greater resistance, and the piece of lesser resistance, directing a current through said circuit to preheat the lastnamed piece, then withdrawing the bridge and bringing said pieces into Contact, and directing a current through the same to forni an electric weld.

7. The herein described process of'welding pieces of metal, having different electrical resistance, which consists in preheating one of the pieces while held in the jaws of an electric Welder, by directing the current from a single transformer, through said piece and through the jaws used for holding the other piece to be welded, by inserting a piece of conductor material between said jaws and said piece, until the piece is sufficiently heated, then removing said conductor material and contacting the surfaces to be welded and directing the current through said surfaces to form a weld.

8. In an electric Welder, work holding jaws, a source of electrical energy in circuit therewith, means for relatively moving said jaws, and a bridge adapted to be removably inserted between said jaws to establish electric contact between the jaw holding the piece to be Welded of greater resistance and the piece of lesser resistance,

NE1L MAGNEALE;

Witnesses:

OLIVER B. KAISER, CLARENCE B. FOSTER.

whereby the" vlast-named piece may be initially preheated, 

